Cloud Security Maturity Model 2.0
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WKL-05.1: Immutable workloads are the standard and do not enable remote administrative ports
WKL-05.1: Instances/VMs are predominantly autoscaled and even most longer-running workloads are in autoscale groups for resiliency. SSH/RDP is disabled for these workloads, which indicates a higher maturity because any issues are managed in the pipeline/image creation and this reduces attack surface.
  • Control automation: Automated
  • AWS control specification: * Instances are in the account
  • 90% of instances are in autoscale groups
  • Ports 22 and 3389 are not enabled for any security group associated with an autoscaled instance (Note: Autoscaling may be quickly detectable by looking for the standard AWS tag with the autoscale group name aws:autoscaling:groupName)
  • Azure control specification: none
  • GCP control specification: none
  • Third-party (CSPM/CNAPP) control specification: none
Not Applicable - Not applicable
Level 1: Initial - Initial. Manually managing policies/procedures, mostly through console. Architectures tend to resemble traditional infrastructure (e.g., low use of serverless and high reliance on network security controls). IAM mostly ad hoc with little-to-no federation.
Level 2: Repeatable - Repeatable. Policy-/checklist-based and relies more on manual or simple tooling. High variability between projects; not coordinated across deployments. Initial use of infrastructure as code (Terraform/CloudFormation), but security not consistently engaged in design/review. Federation on some accounts, but limited use of MFA due to difficulties supporting teams (especially on the command line).
Level 3: Defined - Defined. Policies and central coordination in place. Some initial security automation still executed manually. Some third-party tooling (orchestration with other tools), Federation on most accounts with widespread MFA, but still gaps on consistency. Security starting to review and promote use of CloudFormation/Terraform. CSPM/CNAPP (CSP or third party) in use.
Level 4: Capable - Capable. Strong centralized security management with consistent enforcement. Automation and guardrails across multiple deployments. Expanding library. Big shift from manual management and execution to running security operations with centralized platforms with centralized management and reporting. Consistent use of federation and MFA, with some gaps supporting toolchains.
Level 5: Efficient - Efficient. All major activities centrally managed, covering all of the CSMM domains. Integrated into infrastructure-as-code (IaC) environment. Built into the stack with provisioning automation. Federation and MFA working consistently across toolchains (e.g., command-line support).

Description
  • Control automation: Automated
  • AWS control specification: * Instances are in the account
  • 90% of instances are in autoscale groups
  • Ports 22 and 3389 are not enabled for any security group associated with an autoscaled instance (Note: Autoscaling may be quickly detectable by looking for the standard AWS tag with the autoscale group name aws:autoscaling:groupName)
  • Azure control specification: none
  • GCP control specification: none
  • Third-party (CSPM/CNAPP) control specification: none